载重量影响的电力推进船舶电力负荷混沌预测

为提高电力推进船舶电力负荷预测精度,通过小波变换将电力推进船舶电力负荷分解为固有负荷分量和载重量影响负荷分量,在此基础上用混沌局域关联模型预测固有负荷分量;用线性回归模型预测载重量影响负荷分量.建立固有负荷分量预测模型时以自相似轨道搜寻为基础,且将关联度作用于固有负荷分量混沌预测模型.实例计算结果表明该方法能有效提高预测精度.     

河水-地下水交互带内污染物生物地球化学行为及其探测技术

交互带是河水和地下水相互作用的界面;是河水和地下水耦合的中心;在河水和地下水发生动态交换的过程中,交互带发生着强烈的生物地球化学作用.本文在介绍河水-地下水交互带定义和特征的基础上,综述了河水-地下水交互带内污染物的生物地球化学行为;详细介绍了交互带的探测技术方法,包括原位和非原位探测的技术和设备;并提出了目前交互带环境地球化学研究中存在的一些问题,如河水和地下水交互带边界的确定、交互带野外采样和原位探测的方法、交互带生物地球化学过程以及交互带对河流水质影响的机制等.     

带刚性域箱涵结构分析智能软件的实现

箱涵作为输水建筑的重要结构被广泛采用,在其梁柱结合部存在刚性域设计人员多依靠经验对结构内力进行折减,缺乏理论依据;通用的有限元分析软件不能有效地考虑刚性域的影响．为解决此类问题,以矩阵位移法为基础建立了带刚性域箱涵结构内力计算公式,编写出带刚性域箱涵结构内力计算程序,并实现该程序的智能化,开发出专门用于箱涵结构内力计算的实用软件,该软件可用于多孔箱涵结构设计．工程实例对比计算结果表明,在箱涵结构中考虑刚性域是非常必要的．     

Thermal Performance of Building Roof with Infrared Reflective Coatings

This paper investigated the applicability and effects of infrared reflective coating on energy con-sumption of factory building in hot summer and warm winter zone. It first resorted to theoretical calculation, which demonstrated the beneficial effects of infrared reflective coating on reducing building energy consumption. Then it analyzed a field measurement done on two identical rooms respectively with ordinary coated roof and in-frared reflective coated roof from November 2006 to October 2007, on a 24h basis. The measured data include exterior and interior roof surface temperature, indoor air temperature, and indoor globe temperature. The relat-ed weather data is from a weather station near the measured area. The continuous measurement has been accom-plished in southern China, and the measured data indicate that roof surface temperature and heat gain are signifi-cantly decreased in summer while slight negative effects in winter are induced by adopting infrared reflective coating. Thus it is simple and applicable to reduce building energy consumption in this area by applying infrared reflective coating. Regress equation between reduced roof thermal property, such as surface temperature and heat gain, and reduction in absorbed solar radiation shows their highly linear relationship. Based on the mea-sured data, it is estimated that the reduced power consumption is 3.45 kWh/m2·month in June.     

Reaction zone characterization of counter-flow diffusion flame with diluted and preheated reactants

Reaction zone characteristics were studied using hydroxy radical planar laser-induced fluorescence (OH-PLIF) technique for a counter-flow preheated (CH₄+N₂)/(Air+N₂) diluted diffusion flames. The effects of preheat temperature and dilute ratio on the reaction zone characteristics were investigated by demonstrating the OH intensity distribution and reaction zone thickness from OH-PLIF images. Under the experimental conditions of constant cold flow velocity, the results show that the OH intensity and reaction zone thickness decrease with the increase of dilute ratio at constant preheat temperature and increase with preheat temperature at fixed dilute ratio. The OH maximum intensity shifts towards the "lean" side of counter flow at constant preheat temperature, and it shifts towards the fuel side with the increase of dilute ratio of fuel stream and towards the oxidizer side with the increase of dilute ratio of oxidizer stream respectively. The feasibility of OH as a reaction zone marker in this diluted combustion is verified further. The variation of diffusion and chemical reaction rate of reactants due to preheat and dilution contributes to the reaction zone characteristics simultaneously. The effect of strain on the flame reaction zone should be included in the future work.     

地质体构造变形的“宏微对应”规律探讨

在对安徽巢湖剪切带宏观和微观变形形态进行精细分析的基础上,结合前人对断裂形态分形特征的相关研究,提出了地质体构造变形的“宏微对应”规律,认为同一个地质体构造变形系统中不同级别的构造变形之间其几何形态特征存在较好的相似性或对应性。同一个地质体变形系统中从宏观到微观有多种不同的变形形态类型,并不是所有变形形态都有宏微对应性,但具有宏微对应性的变形构造类型对整个变形系统具有特殊的重要意义。“宏微对应”规律是地质体构造变形中普遍存在的规律,可以作为宏观的大范围构造变形和局部甚至镜下的微观构造变形之间互相预测的一种理论依据,同时由于部分矿物分布与构造变形密切相关,因此这一规律在相关矿物分布的研究中也具有一定的指导意义。     

Climatic regionalization mapping of the Murrumbidgee Irrigation Area,Australia

In this study,spatial analysis techniques were used to generate climatic zoning maps of the East Murrumbidgee Irrigation Area (MIA),Australia.Long term climate data were used to analyze and assess regional climatic variation by cluster analysis in a GIS environment.Based on thermal and moisture factors,four variables were chosen to develop climate zones.These variables include annual average rainfalls,annual average ETc,annual average Growing Day Degree (GDD) and daily average temperature generated from daily climate data of 36 years (1971-2006) on 12 local weather stations as the fundamental elements of regional climate characteristics.GIS-based spatial analysis models are used to map climate sub-regions from sets of climatic parameters derived from regional climate data sources.Two climate zoning schemes are presented by integration of spatial interpolation,spatial cluster analysis and climate indices methods.One scheme comes with the two climate zones of the West and the East based on spatial cluster analysis according to selected climatic variables,and the other comes with the three comprehensive hydro-thermal zones and the six hydro-thermal balance zones.     

广西北部湾经济区发展规划实施对滨海生态环境的影响分析

基于保护北部湾生态环境这一主题,从北部湾经济区在滨海地区的主要项目布局,分析其对滨海生态环境可能造成的生态影响,提出北部湾经济区实现经济可持续发展的滨海生态环境保护建议.旨在引起各部门对生态环境保护的共鸣与共识,搭建共建共管的桥梁.     

巷道支护力作用及影响因素分析

采用库伦-莫尔理论,对巷道圃岩出现塑性区前后支护力与圆岩应力之间的关系,以及不同塑性区力学参数下支护力与巷道围岩塑性区半径之间的关系进行了研究。结果表明,由于巷道实际支护力与原岩应力比值只有1／10～1／100,对不出现塑性区和破裂区的完整岩体巷道,支护力的作用是很小的,可以忽略不计。而当围岩中出现了塑性区和破裂区之后,支护力的作用才开始显现。提高支护力可直接减小圃岩破裂区（塑性区）范围,但提高支护力的主要作用是提高弹塑性区围岩压应力,达到提高破裂区（塑性区）岩体宏观强度的目的,从而减小塑性区和破裂区的范围。影响支护力作用效果的主要因素是塑性区力学参数。     

E级，FH32，FH40钢大线能量焊接的实验研究

大线能量焊接条件下的焊接热影响区(HAZ)组织的转变及粗化,是低合金高强度钢焊接中的主要问题。为了研究低合金高强度钢的焊接性能,采用70 kJ/cm的大线能量埋弧焊对E级和FH32与FH40船板钢分别在热影响区、熔合线附近的冲击韧性及组织转变进行了对比研究。结果表明,E级船板钢在熔合线及1,2,5 mm位置,均能够满足焊接的要求;焊接后的热影响区,铁素体晶粒较细,韧性良好。FH32和FH40钢的热影响区冲击韧性下降。